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| The normal spinal alignment of the cervical spine is referred to as lordosis. On an x-ray, it appears as a C. Kyphosis refers to a reversal or abnormality of this alignment. Such a change in normal spine can result from degenerative changes in the spine, spinal fracture or dislocations of the spine. Individuals with Kyphosis will have a forward tilted head, and will complain of severe shoulder, neck and head pain as a result of fatigue in trying to keep their head held up right. This is a relatively uncommon problem but can occur in certain patients such as those with ankylosing spondylitis. |
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Surgical treatment is warranted if pain becomes unbearable or there are neurologic deficits related to spinal cord injury. The goal of surgery is the restoration of normal spinal balance and alignment and usually necessitates the use of spinal fusion techniques. |
